This guide provides an introduction to the referencing styles in common use at Victoria. Each style has an official “style manual” which contains authoritative information about how to use the style; however, many other resources also exist, and are often easier to learn from. If you get stuck or have questions, send us a message through our Ask a Librarian service and we'll be happy to help you.

Contents

What is a referencing style?

Sets of instructions explaining how you should reference the resources you use are called “referencing styles”. There are many different styles, and you must not mix and match them—it is important to follow a single style. Your department will have a policy on which style you should use; ask your lecturer or consult your course outline to find out which.

Each style is given below with the name by which it is usually known, and then its full official name in parentheses.


Go up to top

APA (American Psychological Association)

This is a very common style, and is used by the Faculty of Education, the Faculty of Commerce and Administration, the School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies and many other social science and science subjects.  The latest edition for this style is  APA 6th--the sources below cover this edition. 


Go up to top

Chicago (University of Chicago Press)

This style is common in the humanities and social sciences. It allows for two different styles of referencing:

  • “Chicago A” uses footnotes for referencing;
  • “Chicago B” uses ‘in-text’ references, also known as ‘Harvard’ or ’author-date’ references.

Be sure you know which reference style you are supposed to use.


Go up to top

MLA (Modern Language Association of America)

This is the preferred style of the Faculty of Architecture and Design.  It is also common in modern literature courses and the humanities generally.

Two official style manuals cover the MLA style. Both include the same information about referencing; you can consult either the Style Manual or the Handbook.


Go up to top

NZLSG (New Zealand Law Style Guide)

The NZLSG is the officially adopted referencing style of the Faculty of Law and must be used in all writing for the Faculty. It supersedes all other law style guides.